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You get one body and you want to keep it moving and functioning. Getting older shouldn't mean you stop. One of the best ways to stay on the move is with preventive health care. Some screenings and tests can help your doctor find problems early, before they cause bigger problems.
Donrsquo;t let cost keep you from having these tests. Most health plans, including Medicare, pay for preventive tests. Your doctor can help make the case, if need be. He may also be able to send you to free or low-cost programs.
1. Blood pressure check: High blood pressure can cause a heart attack, a stroke, eye problems and kidney problems without you even knowing your blood pressure is high. Thatrsquo;s why itrsquo;s important to get your blood pressure checked, even if you donrsquo;t think you have a problem. If your blood pressure is lower than 120/80, at least once every 2 years is usually fine. If itrsquo;s higher, your doctor probably will want to check it more often.
2. Cholesterol screening: Heart disease is one of the top causes of death in the U.S. One of its main risk factors is high cholesterol. After you turn 20, you should start getting your cholesterol tested at least once every 4 to 6 years. A simple blood test shows your levels and risk for heart disease.
As you age, your risk for heart disease goes up. If yoursquo;re in your 50s, it's important to keep getting screened.
3. Mammogram: Experts agree that this is the best way to find breast cancer early. There's some debate about how often you should get one.
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force says all women between ages 50 and 74 should have a mammogram every 2 years.
The American Cancer Society says if yoursquo;re over 40, you should get one each year.
Talk with your doctor to determine the best schedule for you, based on your family history and other reasons.
4. Colon cancer screening: Colon cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. When you turn 50, your chance of getting it goes up. So unless you're at above-average risk, your doctor will probably recommend screenings once you reach that half-century mark.
Tests can help detect colon cancer early. How often you're screened depends on which tests you and your doctor decide you should have, and what the results are. Common screenings include:
Sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy can also help prevent cancer. During these, your doctor may find and remove precancerous polyps from your colon.
5. Pap test: This test checks for cervical cancer, which is easy to treat when caught early. Although your risk of cervical cancer goes down with age, your need for routine Pap tests doesnrsquo;t stop with menopause.
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force says women ages 21 to 65 should have a Pap test every 3 years. Women ages 30 to 65 may get screened every 5 years using a combination of Pap test and human papillomavirus (HPV) testing if both tests are negative the first time you take them. If you have a higher risk of cancer, you may need a Pap test more often. Your doctor can recommend whatrsquo;s best for you.
6. Bone mineral density scan: This checks your risk for osteoporosis, a condition that weakens your bones. It's recommended for all women at age 65. If yoursquo;re at high risk, your doctor may want you to do it earlier.
This screening also may help men ages 70 and older.
7. Abdominal aortic aneurysm screening: Experts say you should get this if yoursquo;re a man 65 to 75 whorsquo;s smoked at any point in your life. Itrsquo;s an ultrasound that looks for an enlarged blood vessel in your abdomen that can cause severe bleeding and death if it ruptures. If your blood vessel is enlarged, surgery can often fix it.
8. Depression screening: Depression is a common cause of disability in adults, although itrsquo;s often overlooked. It can show up with chronic illness and aging. Itrsquo;s not a normal part of aging, and you can get treatment. If you're feeling sad, hopeless, or not interested in things you used to enjoy, talk with your doctor. He can see if you're depressed by having you fill out a questioaire or by asking you a few simple questions.
9. Diabetes screening: Nearly 10% of all Americans have diabetes, and nearly 28% of those are undiagnosed. Uncontrolled diabetes can cause complications such as blindness, kidney disease, and the need for limb amputation. Ask your doctor about how often you need diabetes screenings.
10. Immunizations: As you age, you need a few extra vaccines to help you stay healthy, including:
Flu shot: Folks 6 months of age and older should get one every year.
Pneumonia vaccine: A series of two different vaccines is now recommended. You should get them if you're 65 or older, and if you have:
Shingles vaccine: This is recommended if you're 60 or older.
Remember, there's a lot you can do on your own to stay healthy as you age:
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نویسنده: مهران کریمی